單詞
school
英 [sku?l]
美[skul]
基本信息
- n. 學(xué)校；學(xué)院；學(xué)派；魚群
- vt. 教育
CET4TEM4GRE考研CET6高頻詞基本詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
復(fù)數(shù):?schools;第三人稱單數(shù):?schools;過去式:?schooled;過去分詞:?schooled;現(xiàn)在分詞:?schooling;
中文詞源
school 學(xué)校，學(xué)院，學(xué)派
來自拉丁語 schola,授課，講堂，學(xué)校，字面意思即空閑，可以學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間，來自希臘語 skhole, 空閑的時(shí)間，學(xué)習(xí)的地方，來自 skhein,持有，得到，支配，來自 PIE*segh,持有，擁有，詞
school 魚群，人群，群集來自中古荷蘭語 schole,魚群，來自 West-Germanic*skulo,群集，來自 PIE*skel,切，分開，詞 源同 scale,shell,shoal.引申詞義人群，群集等。
英文詞源
- school
- school: School for teaching [OE] and school of fish [14] are different words. The former was borrowed into prehistoric Germanic from medieval Latin scōla, and has since evolved into German schule, Dutch school, Swedish skola, and Danish skole, as well as English school. The medieval Latin word itself goes back via classical Latin schola to Greek skholé.
This originally denoted ‘leisure’, and only gradually developed through ‘leisure used for intellectual argument or education’ and ‘lecture’ to ‘school’ (in the sense ‘educational assembly’) and finally ‘school’ the building. The Latin word has spread throughout Europe, not just in the Romance languages (French école, Italian scuola, Spanish escuela), but also into Welsh ysgol, Irish scoil, Latvian skuola, Russian shkola, Polish szkola, etc.
Derivatives of the Latin word in English include scholar [14] and scholastic [16]. School of fish was borrowed from Middle Dutch schōle ‘troop, group’. This went back to a prehistoric West Germanic *skulo, which may have been derived from the base *skal-, *skel-, *skul- ‘split, divide’ (source also of English scale, scalp, shell, etc); if so, it would mean etymologically a ‘division’.
=> scholar, scholastic; shoal - school (n.1)
- "place of instruction," Old English scol, from Latin schola "intermission of work, leisure for learning; learned conversation, debate; lecture; meeting place for teachers and students, place of instruction; disciples of a teacher, body of followers, sect," from Greek skhole "spare time, leisure, rest ease; idleness; that in which leisure is employed; learned discussion;" also "a place for lectures, school;" originally "a holding back, a keeping clear," from skhein "to get" (from PIE root *segh- "to hold, hold in one's power, to have;" see scheme (n.)) + -ole by analogy with bole "a throw," stole "outfit," etc.
The original notion is "leisure," which passed to "otiose discussion" (in Athens or Rome the favorite or proper use for free time), then "place for such discussion." The Latin word was widely borrowed (Old French escole, French école, Spanish escuela, Italian scuola, Old High German scuola, German Schule, Swedish skola, Gaelic sgiol, Welsh ysgol, Russian shkola). Translated in Old English as larhus, literally "lore house," but this seems to have been a glossary word only.
Meaning "students attending a school" in English is attested from c. 1300; sense of "school building" is first recorded 1590s. Sense of "people united by a general similarity of principles and methods" is from 1610s; hence school of thought (1864). School of hard knocks "rough experience in life" is recorded from 1912 (in George Ade); to tell tales out of school "betray damaging secrets" is from 1540s. School bus is from 1908. School days is from 1590s. School board from 1870. - school (n.2)
- "group of fish," c. 1400, from Middle Dutch schole (Dutch school) "group of fish or other animals," cognate with Old English scolu "band, troop, crowd of fish," from West Germanic *skulo- (cognates: Old Saxon scola "troop, multitude," West Frisian skoal), perhaps with a literal sense of "division," from PIE root *(s)kel- (1) "to cut, divide" (see scale (n.1)). Compare shoal (n.2)). For possible sense development, see section from Latin secare "to cut."
- school (v.1)
- "to educate; to reprimand, to discipline," mid-15c., from school (n.1). Related: Schooled; schooling.
- school (v.2)
- "collect or swim in schools," 1590s, from school (n.2). Related: Schooled; schooling.
雙語例句
- 1. I thought I'd enrol you with an art group at the school.
- 我想我會(huì)吸收你參加學(xué)校的一個(gè)藝術(shù)團(tuán)。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. They rose to the challenge of entertaining 80 school-children for an afternoon.
- 他們一個(gè)下午成功接待了80名學(xué)童。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. He was headmaster of a public school in the West of England.
- 他是英格蘭西部一所公學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. The boy first showed promise as an athlete in grade school.
- 這個(gè)男孩在上小學(xué)的時(shí)候就初次顯示出成為運(yùn)動(dòng)員的潛力。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.
- 他在學(xué)校開通廣播，以提高孩子們的警覺性。
來自柯林斯例句
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